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The 12.8 cm Flak 40 was a World War II German anti-aircraft gun. Although not mass-produced, it was known to be one of the most effective heavy anti-aircraft guns of its time.
Anti Aircraft Artillery Ww2
Development of the 12.8 cm Flak 40 began in 1936 and the contract was awarded to Rehenthal Borsig. The first prototype of the gun was delivered for testing in late 1937 and the tests were successfully completed The gun weighed about 12 tons in its firing position, resulting in the barrel having to be removed for transport. Limited service testing showed this to be impractical, so other solutions were considered in 1938 Finally, the firing platform was simplified, assuming it would always be bolted to concrete
Antiaircraft Gun 88 Mm Stock Image. Image Of Antiaircraft
The total weight of the Flakzwilling twin-gun mount system reached 26.5 tons, making it impossible to tow across the country. By the time production ceased in 1822, it was primarily used in static, defensive applications The powerful anti-aircraft zoo tower had four twin mounts, and they were also on other anti-aircraft towers protecting Berlin, Hamburg and Vienna. It is said that during the Battle of Berlin, the gun at the Zoo Tower was successfully used against ground troops.
The gun fired a 27.9 kg (61.5 lb) shell at a velocity of 880 m/s (2,890 ft/s) at a range of 14,800 m (48,556 ft). Compared to the 88mm FlaK 18 & 36, the FlaK 40 used a powder charge four times larger.
Evolved from the earlier 3-inch M1917 and 3-inch M1918 guns, these were replaced during World War II offensives, but both were later converted to independent anti-tank guns. standing (like the 3-inch M5) and in a self-propelled tank destroyer (M10). It can perform in the Pacific theater
In the late 1920s, the M1917 and M1918 guns were fitted with removable barrel liners and redesignated as 3-inch M1, M2, or M3 guns, depending on which type they were upgraded from. Introduced in 1928, the M3 was the bulk variant and featured a new barrel with a removable autofretted liner. Further upgrades were proposed in the 1930s, but were discontinued in 1938 with the adoption of the 90 mm gun M1.
How Germany's 88mm Anti Aircraft Gun Introduced The Flak Into The Military Lexicon
The M3 featured a 76.2 mm (3 in) barrel in 50 caliber lgth, with a removable liner and a semi-automatic vertical sliding wedge piece. The barrel had a hydropneumatic blackback system and the break that fired the cell case remained until a new round was loaded. The M2A2's cruciform carriage had a rounded center section and four perforated steel outriggers for stability. For transport, the outriggers can be folded and a two-wheeled, single-axle buggy can be bolted to the outriggers on each wheel. The carriage had pneumatic tires, electric brakes and could be towed at high speeds. The gun was equipped with a set of balances and was capable of firing both +80° and 360° traverse from high angles.
In September 1940, a project began to adapt the 3-inch gun to the anti-tank role, starting with the experimental T9 model and fitting it with a brake, recoil system and slide borrowed from the 105 mm M2 -howitzer. The gun was adopted into service as the 3-inch M5
A similar production version of the T9 was intended to be mounted on the 3-inch M6-M5 self-propelled gun, which was eventually abandoned. A final modification is the 3-inch M7, which includes minor modifications for installation on the M6 heavy tank and the M10 tank destroyer. The M7 saw widespread use, although it was to some extent superseded by more powerful weapons such as the 90 mm M3 and the British QF 17 pounder. A total of 6,824 M7 guns were made
The M3 fired a fixed QF 76.2×585R round and a number of bullet styles were available: while every effort was made to follow the citation style rules, there may be some differences. Consult the appropriate style manual or other resources if you have any questions
The Use Of Captured German 20 Mm Anti Aircraft Machine Guns
Anti-aircraft guns, artillery pieces were fired from the ground or at ships to defend against air raids. The development of anti-aircraft weapons dates back to the 1910s, when aircraft first became an effective weapon In World War I, field artillery pieces up to about 90 mm (3.5 in) were converted into anti-aircraft guns by mounting which allowed them to fire near the vertical. However, the targeting system was inadequate and interwar progress was made in the development of rangefinders, searchlights, time fuzes and gun emplacements, and artillery pieces to help aircraft hit fast-moving targets.
World War II introduced rapid-firing and automatic anti-aircraft guns, adopting radar to track targets and detonating short-range fuzes on short radio waves as they approached the target. The 40 mm (1.5 in) gun, first produced by the Bofors firm in Sweden, was used extensively by the British and American forces against dive bombers and low attack aircraft. It fired a 2 pound (0.9 kg) projectile at an altitude of 2 miles (3.2 km) at 120 rounds per minute. The Soviets based their 37mm weapon on this gun. Heavy anti-aircraft guns up to 120 mm were used against high-flying bombers. The most effective of these was the German 88 mm
In 1953, the US Army introduced the Skysweeper, a 75 mm automatic cannon that fired 45 rounds per minute and was aimed and fired by its own radar computer system. With the introduction of guided surface-to-air missiles in the 1950s and 1960s, such heavy AA guns were phased out, although 20 to 40 mm radar-guided automatic guns continued to provide defense against low-flying aircraft and aircraft. Helicopter
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